1  [abc]  a, b, or c (simple class)  2  [^abc]  Any character except a, b, or c (negation)  3  [a-zA-Z]  a through z or A through Z, inclusive (range)  4  [a-d[m-p]]  a through d, or m through p: [a-dm-p] (union)  5  [a-z&&[def]]  d, e, or f (intersection)  6  [a-z&&[^bc]]  a through z, except for b and c: [ad-z] (subtraction)  7  [a-z&&[^m-p]]  a through z, and not m through p: [a-lq-z](subtraction)   X?  X, once or not at all  X*  X, zero or more times  X+  X, one or more times  X{n}    X, exactly n times  X{n,}   X, at least n times  X{n,m}  X, at least n but not more than m times   Reluctant quantifiers  X?? X, once or not at all  X*? X, zero or more times  X+? X, one or more times  X{n}?   X, exactly n times  X{n,}?  X, at least n times  X{n,m}? X, at least n but not more than m times   Possessive quantifiers  X?+ X, once or not at all  X*+ X, zero or more times  X++ X, one or more times  X{n}+   X, exactly...